EX200 無料問題集「RedHat Red Hat Certified System Administrator - RHCSA」
Part 2 (on Node2 Server)
Task 7 [Implementing Advanced Storage Features]
Create a thin-provisioned filesystem with the name think_fs from a pool think_pool using the devices.
The filesystem should be mounted on /strav and must be persistent across reboot
Task 7 [Implementing Advanced Storage Features]
Create a thin-provisioned filesystem with the name think_fs from a pool think_pool using the devices.
The filesystem should be mounted on /strav and must be persistent across reboot
正解：
* [root@node2 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vdd 252:48 0 5G 0 disk
vde 252:64 0 10G 0 disk
└─vdo1 253:4 0 50G 0 vdo /vbread
[root@node2 ~]# yum install stratis* -y
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl enable --now stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# stratis pool create think_pool /dev/vdd
[root@node2 ~]# stratis pool list
Name Total Physical Properties
think_pool 5 GiB / 37.63 MiB / 4.96 GiB ~Ca,~Cr
* [root@node2 ~]# stratis filesystem create think_pool think_fs
[root@node2 ~]# stratis filesystem list
Pool Name Name Used Created Device UUID
think_pool think_fs 546 MiB Mar 23 2021 08:21 /stratis/think_pool/think_fs ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /strav
[root@node2 ~]# lsblk
[root@node2 ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/stratis-1-91ab9faf36a540f49923321ba1c5e40d-thin-fs-ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d: UUID="ade6fdaa-b064-4910-9540-c2f3fdb9417d" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs"
* [root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
UUID=ade6fdaa-b064-4910-9540-c2f3fdb9417d /strav xfs defaults,x-systemd.requires=stratisd.service 0 0
[root@node2 ~]# mount /stratis/think_pool/think_fs /strav/
[root@node2 ~]# df -hT
/dev/mapper/stratis-1-91ab9faf36a540f49923321ba1c5e40d-thin-fs-ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d xfs 1.0T 7.2G 1017G 1% /strav
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vdd 252:48 0 5G 0 disk
vde 252:64 0 10G 0 disk
└─vdo1 253:4 0 50G 0 vdo /vbread
[root@node2 ~]# yum install stratis* -y
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl enable --now stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status stratisd.service
[root@node2 ~]# stratis pool create think_pool /dev/vdd
[root@node2 ~]# stratis pool list
Name Total Physical Properties
think_pool 5 GiB / 37.63 MiB / 4.96 GiB ~Ca,~Cr
* [root@node2 ~]# stratis filesystem create think_pool think_fs
[root@node2 ~]# stratis filesystem list
Pool Name Name Used Created Device UUID
think_pool think_fs 546 MiB Mar 23 2021 08:21 /stratis/think_pool/think_fs ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /strav
[root@node2 ~]# lsblk
[root@node2 ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/stratis-1-91ab9faf36a540f49923321ba1c5e40d-thin-fs-ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d: UUID="ade6fdaa-b064-4910-9540-c2f3fdb9417d" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs"
* [root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
UUID=ade6fdaa-b064-4910-9540-c2f3fdb9417d /strav xfs defaults,x-systemd.requires=stratisd.service 0 0
[root@node2 ~]# mount /stratis/think_pool/think_fs /strav/
[root@node2 ~]# df -hT
/dev/mapper/stratis-1-91ab9faf36a540f49923321ba1c5e40d-thin-fs-ade6fdaab06449109540c2f3fdb9417d xfs 1.0T 7.2G 1017G 1% /strav
Upgrading the kernel as 2.6.36.7.1, and configure the system to Start the default kernel, keep the old kernel available.
正解：
# cat /etc/grub.conf
# cd /boot
# lftp it
# get dr/dom/kernel-xxxx.rpm
# rpm -ivh kernel-xxxx.rpm
# vim /etc/grub.conf
default=0
# cd /boot
# lftp it
# get dr/dom/kernel-xxxx.rpm
# rpm -ivh kernel-xxxx.rpm
# vim /etc/grub.conf
default=0
A YUM repository has been provided at http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/x86_64/Server.
Configure your system to use this location as a default repository.
Configure your system to use this location as a default repository.
正解：
vim/etc/yum.repos/base.repo
[base]
name=base
baseurl= http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/x86_64/Server
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
Save and Exit
Use yum list for validation, the configuration is correct if list the package information. If the Yum configuration is not correct then maybe cannot answer the following questions.
[base]
name=base
baseurl= http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/x86_64/Server
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
Save and Exit
Use yum list for validation, the configuration is correct if list the package information. If the Yum configuration is not correct then maybe cannot answer the following questions.
Configure /var/tmp/fstab Permission.
Copy the file /etc/fstab to /var/tmp/fstab. Configure var/tmp/fstab permissions as the following:
Owner of the file /var/tmp/fstab is Root, belongs to group root
File /var/tmp/fstab cannot be executed by any user
User natasha can read and write /var/tmp/fstab
User harry cannot read and write /var/tmp/fstab
All other users (present and future) can read var/tmp/fstab.
Copy the file /etc/fstab to /var/tmp/fstab. Configure var/tmp/fstab permissions as the following:
Owner of the file /var/tmp/fstab is Root, belongs to group root
File /var/tmp/fstab cannot be executed by any user
User natasha can read and write /var/tmp/fstab
User harry cannot read and write /var/tmp/fstab
All other users (present and future) can read var/tmp/fstab.
正解：
cp /etc/fstab /var/tmp/
/var/tmp/fstab view the owner setfacl -m u:natasha:rw- /var/tmp/fstab setfacl -m u:haryy:--- /var/tmp/fstab Use getfacl /var/tmp/fstab to view permissions
/var/tmp/fstab view the owner setfacl -m u:natasha:rw- /var/tmp/fstab setfacl -m u:haryy:--- /var/tmp/fstab Use getfacl /var/tmp/fstab to view permissions
Create the following users, groups, and group memberships:
A group named adminuser.
A user natasha who belongs to adminuser as a secondary group A user harry who also belongs to adminuser as a secondary group.
A user sarah who does not have access to an interactive shell on the system, and who is not a member of adminuser, natasha, harry, and sarah should all have the password of redhat.
A group named adminuser.
A user natasha who belongs to adminuser as a secondary group A user harry who also belongs to adminuser as a secondary group.
A user sarah who does not have access to an interactive shell on the system, and who is not a member of adminuser, natasha, harry, and sarah should all have the password of redhat.
正解：
groupadd sysmgrs
useradd -G sysmgrs Natasha
We can verify the newly created user by cat /etc/passwd)
# useradd -G sysmgrs harry
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin sarrh
# passwd Natasha
# passwd harry
# passwd sarrah
useradd -G sysmgrs Natasha
We can verify the newly created user by cat /etc/passwd)
# useradd -G sysmgrs harry
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin sarrh
# passwd Natasha
# passwd harry
# passwd sarrah
Create a user alex with a userid of 3400. The password for this user should be redhat.
正解：
useradd -u 3400 alex
passwd alex
su -alex
passwd alex
su -alex
Create Logical Volume
According to the given requirements, create a new logical volume:
- Logical volume named "mylv" belonging to the volume group "myvg" with a size of 50 extents.
- Extent size of logical volumes in volume group "myvg" should be 16 MiB.
- Format the new logical volume with the VFAT filesystem.
- The logical volume should be automatically mounted at /mnt/mydata during system startup.
According to the given requirements, create a new logical volume:
- Logical volume named "mylv" belonging to the volume group "myvg" with a size of 50 extents.
- Extent size of logical volumes in volume group "myvg" should be 16 MiB.
- Format the new logical volume with the VFAT filesystem.
- The logical volume should be automatically mounted at /mnt/mydata during system startup.
正解：
# Check the disk layout
[root@node2 ~]# lsblk
# Partition the disk
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n # Add a new partition
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free) # Primary partition
e extended (container for logical partitions) # Extended partition
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): # Press Enter
First sector (1026048-20971519, default 1026048): # Press Enter
***Note: The partition size must be larger than the total size, it should not be exactly equal to. It is recommended to add an extra 200M.
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1026048-20971519, default 20971519): +1200M # Partition size
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 512 MiB.
Command (m for help): w # Save and exit
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
# Create volume group and logical volume
[root@node2 ~]# vgcreate -s 16M myvg /dev/vdb4
[root@node2 ~]# lvcreate -l 50 -n mylv myvg
# Install vfat support
[root@node2 ~]# yum provides */mkfs.vfat
[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install dosfstools
# Format the logical volume with vfat filesystem
[root@node2 ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/myvg/mylv
# Create mount point
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /mnt/mydata
# Update /etc/fstab for automatic mounting
[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /mnt/mydata vfat defaults 0 0
# Mount the logical volume
[root@node2 ~]# mount -a
[root@node2 ~]# lsblk
# Partition the disk
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n # Add a new partition
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free) # Primary partition
e extended (container for logical partitions) # Extended partition
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): # Press Enter
First sector (1026048-20971519, default 1026048): # Press Enter
***Note: The partition size must be larger than the total size, it should not be exactly equal to. It is recommended to add an extra 200M.
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1026048-20971519, default 20971519): +1200M # Partition size
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 512 MiB.
Command (m for help): w # Save and exit
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
# Create volume group and logical volume
[root@node2 ~]# vgcreate -s 16M myvg /dev/vdb4
[root@node2 ~]# lvcreate -l 50 -n mylv myvg
# Install vfat support
[root@node2 ~]# yum provides */mkfs.vfat
[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install dosfstools
# Format the logical volume with vfat filesystem
[root@node2 ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/myvg/mylv
# Create mount point
[root@node2 ~]# mkdir /mnt/mydata
# Update /etc/fstab for automatic mounting
[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /mnt/mydata vfat defaults 0 0
# Mount the logical volume
[root@node2 ~]# mount -a
Update the kernel from ftp://instructor.example.com/pub/updates.
According the following requirements:
The updated kernel must exist as default kernel after rebooting the system.
The original kernel still exists and is available in the system.
According the following requirements:
The updated kernel must exist as default kernel after rebooting the system.
The original kernel still exists and is available in the system.
正解：
rpm -ivh kernel-firm...
rpm -ivh kernel...
rpm -ivh kernel...
There is a local logical volumes in your system, named with shrink and belong to VGSRV volume group, mount to the /shrink directory. The definition of size is 320 MB.
Requirement:
Reduce the logical volume to 220 MB without any loss of dat
a. The size is allowed between 200-260 MB after reducing.
Requirement:
Reduce the logical volume to 220 MB without any loss of dat
a. The size is allowed between 200-260 MB after reducing.
正解：
cd;umount /shrink
e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink
resize2fs /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink 220M
lvreduce -L 220M /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink
mount -a
e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink
resize2fs /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink 220M
lvreduce -L 220M /dev/mapper/vgsrv-shrink
mount -a