PT0-002 無料問題集「CompTIA PenTest+ Certification」
A company developed a new web application to allow its customers to submit loan applications. A penetration tester is reviewing the application and discovers that the application was developed in ASP and used MSSQL for its back-end database. Using the application's search form, the penetration tester inputs the following code in the search input field:
IMG SRC=vbscript:msgbox ("Vulnerable_to_Attack") ;
>originalAttribute="SRC"originalPath="vbscript;msgbox ("Vulnerable_to_Attack ") ;>" When the tester checks the submit button on the search form, the web browser returns a pop-up windows that displays "Vulnerable_to_Attack." Which of the following vulnerabilities did the tester discover in the web application?
IMG SRC=vbscript:msgbox ("Vulnerable_to_Attack") ;
>originalAttribute="SRC"originalPath="vbscript;msgbox ("Vulnerable_to_Attack ") ;>" When the tester checks the submit button on the search form, the web browser returns a pop-up windows that displays "Vulnerable_to_Attack." Which of the following vulnerabilities did the tester discover in the web application?
正解：C
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A penetration tester has been hired to examine a website for flaws. During one of the time windows for testing, a network engineer notices a flood of GET requests to the web server, reducing the website's response time by 80%. The network engineer contacts the penetration tester to determine if these GET requests are part of the test. Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of checking with the penetration tester?
正解：B
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解説: (JPNTest メンバーにのみ表示されます)
A penetration tester performs several Nmap scans against the web application for a client.
INSTRUCTIONS
Click on the WAF and servers to review the results of the Nmap scans. Then click on each tab to select the appropriate vulnerability and remediation options.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
INSTRUCTIONS
Click on the WAF and servers to review the results of the Nmap scans. Then click on each tab to select the appropriate vulnerability and remediation options.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
正解：
See the explanation part for detailed solution.
Explanation:
Most likely vulnerability: Perform a SSRF attack against App01.example.com from CDN.example.com.
The scenario suggests that the CDN network (with a WAF) can be used to perform a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attack. Since the penetration tester has the pentester workstation interacting through the CDN/WAF and the production network is behind it, the most plausible attack vector is to exploit SSRF to interact with the internal services like App01.example.com.
Two best remediation options:
* Restrict direct communications to App01.example.com to only approved components.
* Require an additional authentication header value between CDN.example.com and App01.example.com.
* Restrict direct communications to App01.example.com to only approved components: This limits the exposure of the application server by ensuring that only specified, trusted entities can communicate with it.
* Require an additional authentication header value between CDN.example.com and App01.example.com: Adding an authentication layer between the CDN and the app server helps ensure that requests are legitimate and originate from trusted sources, mitigating SSRF and other indirect attack vectors.
Nmap Scan Observations:
* CDN/WAF shows open ports for HTTP and HTTPS but filtered for MySQL, indicating it acts as a filtering layer.
* App Server has open ports for HTTP, HTTPS, and filtered for MySQL.
* DB Server has all ports filtered, typical for a database server that should not be directly accessible.
These findings align with the SSRF vulnerability and the appropriate remediation steps to enhance the security of internal communications.
Explanation:
Most likely vulnerability: Perform a SSRF attack against App01.example.com from CDN.example.com.
The scenario suggests that the CDN network (with a WAF) can be used to perform a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) attack. Since the penetration tester has the pentester workstation interacting through the CDN/WAF and the production network is behind it, the most plausible attack vector is to exploit SSRF to interact with the internal services like App01.example.com.
Two best remediation options:
* Restrict direct communications to App01.example.com to only approved components.
* Require an additional authentication header value between CDN.example.com and App01.example.com.
* Restrict direct communications to App01.example.com to only approved components: This limits the exposure of the application server by ensuring that only specified, trusted entities can communicate with it.
* Require an additional authentication header value between CDN.example.com and App01.example.com: Adding an authentication layer between the CDN and the app server helps ensure that requests are legitimate and originate from trusted sources, mitigating SSRF and other indirect attack vectors.
Nmap Scan Observations:
* CDN/WAF shows open ports for HTTP and HTTPS but filtered for MySQL, indicating it acts as a filtering layer.
* App Server has open ports for HTTP, HTTPS, and filtered for MySQL.
* DB Server has all ports filtered, typical for a database server that should not be directly accessible.
These findings align with the SSRF vulnerability and the appropriate remediation steps to enhance the security of internal communications.
During a vulnerability scan a penetration tester enters the following Nmap command against all of the non-Windows clients:
nmap -sX -T4 -p 21-25, 67, 80, 139, 8080 192.168.11.191
The penetration tester reviews the packet capture in Wireshark and notices that the target responds with an RST packet flag set for all of the targeted ports. Which of the following does this information most likely indicate?
nmap -sX -T4 -p 21-25, 67, 80, 139, 8080 192.168.11.191
The penetration tester reviews the packet capture in Wireshark and notices that the target responds with an RST packet flag set for all of the targeted ports. Which of the following does this information most likely indicate?
正解：C
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解説: (JPNTest メンバーにのみ表示されます)
A penetration tester runs an Nmap scan and obtains the following output:
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-12 18:53 GMT
Nmap scan report for 10.22.2.2
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
PORTSTATE SERVICEVERSION
135/tcpopen msrpcMicrosoft Windows RPC
139/tcpopen netbios-ssnMicrosoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcpopen microsoft-dsMicrosoft Windows Server 2019
1433/tcpopen ms-sql-sMicrosoft SQL Server 2019
3389/tcpopen ms-wbt-serverMicrosoft Terminal Services
8080/tcpopen httpMicrosoft IIS 9.0
Which of the following commands should the penetration tester try next to explore this server?
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-12 18:53 GMT
Nmap scan report for 10.22.2.2
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
PORTSTATE SERVICEVERSION
135/tcpopen msrpcMicrosoft Windows RPC
139/tcpopen netbios-ssnMicrosoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcpopen microsoft-dsMicrosoft Windows Server 2019
1433/tcpopen ms-sql-sMicrosoft SQL Server 2019
3389/tcpopen ms-wbt-serverMicrosoft Terminal Services
8080/tcpopen httpMicrosoft IIS 9.0
Which of the following commands should the penetration tester try next to explore this server?
正解：C
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解説: (JPNTest メンバーにのみ表示されます)
A penetration tester is assessing a wireless network. Although monitoring the correct channel and SSID, the tester is unable to capture a handshake between the clients and the AP. Which of the following attacks is the MOST effective to allow the penetration tester to capture a handshake?
正解：B
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解説: (JPNTest メンバーにのみ表示されます)